Infrared coagulation, also called photocoagulation, is used to treat symptomatic first- and second-degree internal hemorrhoids. Pulses of infrared radiation are applied to the hemorrhoidal base through a hand-held applicator. These pulses produce a discreet area of necrosis, which heals to form a scar. This reduces or eliminates blood flow through the hemorrhoid, thereby shrinking it, and the mucosa becomes fixed to the underlying tissue. The procedure is easily performed in a physician’s office.

The diagnosis of internal and external hemorrhoids is made by inspection, digital examination, and direct vision through the anoscope and proctoscope. Whenever the internal hemorrhoidal plexus is enlarged, there is an associated increase in supporting mass, and the resultant venus swelling is called an internal hemorrhoid. When veins in the external hemorrhoidal plexus become enlarged, the resultant bluish mass is called an external hemorrhoid. External hemorrhoids require an incision because they are below the skin.

Infrared coagulation is considered medically necessary for persistently bleeding or painful first- and second-degree internal hemorrhoids.

BlueCard/National Account Issues

Payment may be considered for a maximum of four treatments within a six-month period.

Payment should not be considered for an anesthesiologist for postoperative pain consultation when performed on the same date of service as the epidural anesthesia.

Payment should not be provided to a surgeon assistant.

A search of literature was completed through the MEDLINE database for the period of January 1984 through October 1995. The search strategy focused on references containing the following Medical Subject Heading:

– Infrared Coagulation

Research was limited to English-language journals on humans.

See also:

Technology Evaluation and Coverage 1987: p. 83

Coagulation, infrared, of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids, infrared coagulation
Infrared coagulation of hemorrhoids